"You can think about the polarization as two flavors of photons," Lai continued. The polarity could therefore cause high-energy X-rays to swing 90 degrees relative to low-energy X-rays. Because they have a charge, however, these particles are influenced by the magnetar's powerful magnetic field. Lai said that in this phase, photons that have no electric charge could convert into a virtual pair of particles (an electron and a positron) that have equal and opposite charges but still combine to a net zero charge. QED predicts that as X-ray photons leave the tenuous atmosphere of a neutron star's surrounding plasma - hot and magnetized gas - the photons pass through a phase called vacuum resonance. This image uses data from the James Webb Space Telescope's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) to reveal the remnant in a new light. Related: Bizarre object 10 million times brighter than the sun defies physics, NASA saysĬassiopeia A is a supernova remnant located about 11,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Cassiopeia.
"QED is one of the most successful physics theories, but it had not been tested in such strong magnetic field conditions." "In this observation of radiation from a faraway celestial object, we see a beautiful effect that is a manifestation of intricate, fundamental physics," Lai said.
"Photon metamorphosis" is an element of quantum electrodynamics (QED), which is a field of physics examining subatomic interactions between electrons and photons. "Photon metamorphosis," meaning the transformation of X-ray photons into electrons and positrons, may be able to explain the weird behavior of X-rays around magnetars, Cornell University astrophysics professor Dong Lai said in a May 4 statement. Both energetic ray sets were oriented at 90 degrees to the electromagnetic field of the magnetar. IXPE information suggested that may be the case after looking at X-rays in the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A around the magnetar 4U 0142+61, located 13,000 light-years away.Īs the first-ever measurement of the polarization of X-rays around a magnetar, the IXPE observations showed that lower energy X-rays were polarized at 180 degrees to the high-energy X-rays. Continued abuse of our services will cause your IP address to be blocked indefinitely.But, scientists were surprised in 2022 when data collected by NASA's Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) satellite, which launched the year before, showed polarization may depend on energy. Please fill out the CAPTCHA below and then click the button to indicate that you agree to these terms. If you wish to be unblocked, you must agree that you will take immediate steps to rectify this issue. If you do not understand what is causing this behavior, please contact us here. If you promise to stop (by clicking the Agree button below), we'll unblock your connection for now, but we will immediately re-block it if we detect additional bad behavior.
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